Discuss operator overloading. Mention any five operators with respective special functions to be overloaded in Python

Operator Overloading

• Operator overloading allows user-defined classes to redefine the behavior of operators like +, -, *, etc.
• This is done by defining special methods inside the class.

Example: Overloading + for Time class (from 17.7)

class Time:
    def __add__(self, other):
        seconds = self.time_to_int() + other.time_to_int()
        return int_to_time(seconds)

Usage:

start = Time(9, 45)
duration = Time(1, 35)
print(start + duration)  # Output: 11:20:00

Python internally calls start.__add__(duration).

Five Common Operators and Their Special Methods

These methods can be defined in custom classes to perform operations based on object data instead of default behavior.