What is electroencephalogram? Discuss the various applications of electroencephalogram
Answer:-
- Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a non-invasive method for measuring the electrical activity of the brain.
- An EEG records the electrical signals generated by the brain’s neurons as they communicate with each other.
- The signals are recorded through electrodes placed on the scalp
- Resulting EEG pattern provides information about the synchronized electrical activity of large populations of neurons.
- The analysis of EEG signals can provide valuable information about brain function and activity, as well as offer insights into the workings of the human mind.
Applications of electroencephalogram :
- Diagnosis of Epilepsy:
- EEG is a widely used tool to diagnose epilepsy-disorder of the brain characterized by repeated seizures characterised by sudden alteration of behaviour due to a temporary change in the electrical functioning of the brain.
- It can detect abnormal electrical activity in the brain, which can help to confirm the diagnosis and determine the location of the seizure focus.
- Sleep Studies: EEG is often used in sleep studies to evaluate sleep patterns and diagnose sleep disorders.
- Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI): EEG can be used to control external devices such as prosthetic limbs or computer software. This is done by detecting specific brain waves associated with a particular mental state, such as concentration or relaxation.
- Research on Brain Function: EEG is used in research to study brain function during various activities such as reading, problem-solving, and decision-making.
- Diagnosis of Brain Disorders: EEG can be used to diagnose a wide range of brain disorders including dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and traumatic brain injury.
- Anaesthesia Monitoring: EEG can be used to monitor the depth of anaesthesia during surgery to ensure that the patient remains in a safe and comfortable state.
- Monitoring Brain Activity during Coma: EEG is also used to monitor brain activity in patients who are in a coma to determine the level of brain function and assess the likelihood of recovery.