1.a) What is Data Science? Explain.
Answer:
Data Science
Data science is an interconnected field that involves the use of statistical and computational methods to extract insightful information and knowledge from data.
All data disciplines in a nutshell
- Data science is the broad scientific study that focuses on making sense of data. Ex: Release of movie on Christmas or New year.
- Data mining is commonly a part of the data science pipeline. But unlike the latter, data mining is more about techniques and tools used to unfold patterns in data that were previously unknown and make data more usable for analysis.
- Ex: finding the study of movie released and the profit gained in two years.
- Machine learning aims at training machines on historical data so that they can process new inputs based on learned patterns without explicit programming, meaning without manually written out instructions for a system to do an action.
- Deep learning is the most hyped branch of machine learning that uses complex algorithms of deep neural networks that are inspired by the way the human brain works. DL models can draw accurate results from large volumes of input data without being told which data characteristics to look at.
- Ex: Imagine you need to determine which Movie generate positive online reviews on your website and which cause the negative ones. In this case, deep neural nets can extract meaningful characteristics from reviews and perform sentiment analysis.
- Artificial intelligence is a complex topic. But for the sake of simplicity, let’s say that any real-life data product can be called AI.
- Let’s stay with our fishing-inspired example. You want to buy a certain model fishing rod but you only have a picture of it and don’t know the brand name. An AI system is a software product that can examine your image and provide suggestions as to a product name and shops where you can buy it. To build an AI product you need to use data mining, machine learning, and sometimes deep learning.
