Illustrate with examples Kirchhoffs laws as applied to an electric circuit.

1.A] Illustrate with examples Kirchhoffs laws as applied to an electric circuit.

Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
Statement: It states that “The Algebraic sum of the currents meeting at a junction in an electric the circuit is equal to zero.”
Σ I = 0
Example: Consider a junction in an electrical network as shown in the fig.The currents I1 and I3 are taken as positive as they are entering the junction. While I2 and I4 are negative as leaving the junction

Applying KCL to the above circuit
I1 – I2 + I3- I 4 = 0
I,e I1 + I3 = I2 +I 4
“The total current flowing towards a junction is equal to the total current leaving the junction.”.

ii) Kirchhoff’s Voltage law [KVL]
Statement: “In any closed path, the algebraic sum of the Emf‟s and the voltage drops across the circuit elements is equal to zero. “
Σ Emf + Σ IR drops = 0
Example: Consider an electrical network as shown in fig

Applying KVL to the loop

• IR1 – IR2 + V2 + V1 = 0
  V1+ V2 = IR1 + IR2