5.B) Explain NoSQL data architecture patterns. – 10 Marks
Answer:-
1. Key-Value Store
- Simplest NoSQL data store.
- Data is stored as key-value pairs, where a unique key maps to a value, which can be a string, BLOB (Binary Large Object), or complex data.
- Similar to a hash table.
- Characteristics:
- High performance, scalability, and flexibility.
- Fast data retrieval using a primary key for lookup.
- Easily scalable for large datasets.
- Example Use Case: Storing session data, user profiles, or configurations.
- Example Databases: Redis, DynamoDB.
2. Document Store
- Stores unstructured or semi-structured data as documents (e.g., JSON, XML).
- Logical data is stored together in a single unit called a document.
- Characteristics:
- High performance and flexibility.
- Data is stored in nested hierarchies.
- Querying is efficient, often via document paths or specific fields.
- Supports ACID properties for transactions.
- Typical Uses:
- Office documents, inventory data, forms, document exchanges, and document search systems.
- Examples: CouchDB, MongoDB.
3. Tabular Data Store
- Stores data in rows and columns, similar to traditional relational databases.
- A row-head field (key) retrieves multiple values from successive columns.
- Characteristics:
- Optimized for Online Transaction Processing (OLTP), especially in-memory row-format data.
- Combines row-based and columnar storage options for flexibility.
- Example Use Case: Real-time analytics, transactional workloads.
- Example Databases: Cassandra, HBase.
4. Object Data Store
- Stores various objects like files, images, documents, and folders.
- Characteristics:
- Stores system metadata (e.g., filename, creation date, permissions).
- Supports custom metadata (e.g., subject, category, sharing permissions).
- Provides a repository for binary and unstructured data.
- Typical Uses:
- Media storage, archival systems, and content management.
- Example Databases: Amazon S3, Azure Blob Storage.