3 b] Discuss types of brain activity that can be detected with EEG.
- Electro-ence-phalo-graphy (EEG) is a technique used to record and analyze the brain’s electrical activity.
- It measures the electrical potentials generated by neurons in the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp.
Types of brain activity:-
Electrodes: EEG electrodes are typically placed on the scalp and are used to detect and measure the electrical signals produced by the brain. The electrodes are connected to an amplifier that amplifies and filters the signals for analysis.
Brainwaves: EEG recordings capture the brain’s electrical activity in the form of brainwaves. Brainwaves are rhythmic patterns of electrical activity generated by groups of neurons firing together. Different types of brainwaves are associated with different states of consciousness and mental activity
Frequency Bands: EEG signals are divided into different frequency bands associated with specific mental states and functions.
- Delta (1-4 Hz): Waves Associated with deep sleep and unconsciousness.
- Theta (4-8 Hz): Theta waves are present during light sleep, relaxation, and creative states.
- Alpha (8-12 Hz): Alpha waves are seen when the brain is in a relaxed and calm state, such as during meditation or when closing the eyes.
- Beta (12-30 Hz): Beta waves are associated with wakefulness, active thinking, and focused attention
Applications
- Diagnosis of Epilepsy: EEG is a widely used tool to diagnose epilepsy and other seizure disorders
- Sleep Studies: EEG is used in sleep studies to evaluate sleep patterns and diagnose sleep disorders.
- Research on Brain Function: EEG is used in research to study brain function during various activities such as reading, problem-solving, and decision-making.
- Diagnosis of Brain Disorders: EEG can be used to diagnose a wide range of brain disorders including dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and brain injury.
- Anesthesia Monitoring: EEG can be used to monitor the depth of anesthesia during surgery to ensure that the patient remains safe and comfortable.
- Monitoring Brain Activity during Coma: EEG is also used to monitor brain activity in patients who are in a coma to determine the level of brain function and assess the likelihood of recovery.