7.C] With a neat diagram, provide the classification of images. Explain in detail the classification of images based on nature, attributes, and color.
Answer:
Image processing is the process of transforming an image into a digital form and performing certain operations to get some useful information from it.
Classification of Images:
1. Based on Nature:
- Natural Images: Captured from real-world objects using devices like cameras or scanners.
- Synthetic Images: Generated using computer programs.
2. Based on Attributes:
- Vector Graphics: Described using geometric shapes like lines and circles. Resolution is not a concern.
- Raster Images: Pixel-based images where quality depends on the number of pixels, with enlarging often reducing quality.
3. Based on Colour:
- Grey Scale and Binary Images: Monochrome images with no color. Grayscale has shades of grey, while binary has only black and white.
- True Colour Images: Represent full color using 24 bits, mixing red, green, and blue (RGB) components.
- Pseudocolour Images: Artificially colored images based on data interpretation, often used in medical and remote sensing applications.
4. Based on Dimensions:
- 2D Images: Standard digital images represented as a 2D array of pixels.
- 3D Images: Include depth or additional characteristics, such as CT scans or MRIs, where pixels are called voxels.
5. Based on Data Types:
- Binary Images: 1-bit images for black and white.
- Grey Scale Images: Typically 8-bit or 16-bit, representing 256 or 65,536 shades of grey.
- Colour Images: Use 24 or 32 bits for color representation. Complex operations may require floating-point data types.
6. Domain Specific Images:
- Range Images: Used in computer vision, where pixel values indicate the distance between the object and the camera.
- Multispectral Images: Common in remote sensing, captured across multiple bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, including infrared and ultraviolet.