With a neat labeled diagram, explain the mechanism of filtration by the nephrons
Answer:-
The mechanism of filtration in the kidneys is a complex process that involves multiple steps to remove waste and excess fluids from the bloodstream.
The following is a summary of the steps involved in the filtration process:
- Blood enters the kidney through the renal arteries and flows into tiny filtering units called glomeruli.
- At the glomerulus, the pressure in the blood vessels causes a portion of the plasma and dissolved substances to filter out and enter a structure called Bowman’s capsule.
- In Bowman’s capsule, the filtrate is then transferred into the renal tubules, which are the main filtering units of the kidneys.
- In the renal tubules, the filtrate passes through a series of specialized cells, such as proximal tubular cells and distal tubular cells, which reabsorb important substances such as glucose, amino acids, and electrolytes back into the bloodstream.
- At the same time, the renal tubules secrete waste products, such as urea and creatinine, back into the filtrate.
- Finally, the filtered fluid, now known as urine, is transported through the renal pelvis and ureters to the bladder, where it is eventually eliminated from the body.
- This process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion helps to maintain the proper balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body, as well as to remove waste and excess substances.