Derive expression for numerical aperture of an optical fiber

Derive the expression for the numerical aperture of an optical fiber. Mention any two
merits and demerits of optical communication.

Answer:-

Derive the expression for numerical aperture of an optical fiber.
Ray propagation in the fiber
Derive the expression for numerical aperture of an optical fiber.
Derive the expression for numerical aperture of an optical fiber.

Merits of Optical Communication

  • Bandwidth is above copper cables
  • Less power loss and allows data transmission for extended distances
  • Optical cable is resistance for electromagnetic interference
  • Fiber cable is sized as 4.5 times which is best than copper wires
  • As cable are lighter, thinner, in order that they use less area as compared to copper wires

Demerits of Optical Communication

  • These cable are very difficult to merge so there’ll be loss of beam within cable
  • Installation of those cables is cost-effective. they’re not as robust because wires. Special equipment is typically required to optical fiber.
  • These cable are highly vulnerable while fitting
  • These cables are more delicate than copper wires.
  • Special devices are needed to ascertain transmission of fiber cable.
  • Fiber optic cable is dear to put in. It needs costly splicing machines and trained specialists to place in fiber optic cables.

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